De Espiritistas y Curanderos Debates sobre medicina tradicional y salud mental latina en Texas y Nueva York durante los 1960

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Ximena López Carrillo
Ethnicity, Race, and Migration Program, Yale University. New Haven.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17711/MyC.2683-3018.2024.006

Resumen

En octubre de 1963, el presidente John F. Kennedy firmó la Ley de Salud Mental Comunitaria, que buscaba expandir la salud mental preventiva y temprana a grupos vulnerables, quienes eran predominantemente grupos minoritarios. Debido al papel que la psiquiatría y la psicología jugaron en la patologización de minorías raciales y étnicas desde el siglo XIX, la población Latina se rehusó a utilizar los centros de salud mental comunitaria. Más bien, siguieron acudiendo a sanadores tradiciones para recibir cuidado emocional y psicológico. Este artículo analiza los debates sobre la medicina tradicional y la salud mental en las décadas de 1960 en Texas y Nueva York. Comparando ambos contextos, el presente artículo sostiene que la movilización latina en ambos estados y las demandas populares para restringir la migración mexicana influyeron en las actitudes de psicólogos y psiquiatras hacia la medicina tradicional. Esto llevó a dos políticas contrastantes. Una que celebró a los espiritistas por su competencia cultural y los incorporó al equipo de trabajo de los centros comunitarios en barrios puertorriqueños de Nueva York. Y otra que invalidó a los curanderos en Texas debido a su cercanía con lo indígena, la extranjería, y la migración mexicana indeseable.

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López Carrillo, X. (2024). De Espiritistas y Curanderos Debates sobre medicina tradicional y salud mental latina en Texas y Nueva York durante los 1960. Mente Y Cultura, 5(1), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.17711/MyC.2683-3018.2024.006

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